Proposed open-pit copper, gold, and molybdenum mine in the headwaters of Bristol Bay, owned by Northern Dynasty Minerals through the Pebble Limited Partnership. The EPA issued a Clean Water Act Section 404(c) determination in 2023 effectively blocking development; subsequent administrations have litigated and re-litigated that determination. Among the most-contested mining proposals in U.S. history.
New federal rules quietly loosen Endangered Species Act protections just as Alaska's development push accelerates, with belugas, polar bears and eiders in the balance.

Pebble vs. EPA hits Anchorage federal court Thursday. The salmon, the State of Alaska, and a major mineral deposit all want a say.
