Snow covers just under a quarter of Alaska as September ends

Just under a quarter of Alaska's land had snow on the ground at the end of September. That's about the same share as a year earlier, according to a U.S. National Ice Center snow and ice analysis reviewed by Rick Thoman, a climate specialist at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, in his Alaska and Arctic Climate Newsletter.

Even a thin layer of snow cools the air near the ground much faster than bare soil does, the newsletter says. Those lower temperatures speed up river and lake freeze-up. The snow itself also shapes how people in the North get around.

Snow was more widespread on the North Slope this year than at the end of September 2025. It was less extensive in the eastern Brooks Range. Across the border, the Yukon Territory and nearby parts of the Northwest Territories had less snow cover than last year. The Russian far northeast had more.

The newsletter defines the Arctic as land north of 60 degrees latitude. Across that region, snow hit its yearly low on Aug. 11, covering about 4 percent of land outside the Greenland Ice Sheet. By Sept. 30 it covered 28 percent, more than 20 percent below last year but only slightly below the 2004-2025 median.

The 4-kilometer Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System analysis records only whether snow is present, not its depth or how much water the snowpack holds. The Sept. 30 map doesn't necessarily show where the winter snowpack has been established. Snow at lower elevations is likely thin, the newsletter says. It expected some areas to flip back to bare ground in the following days, especially south of 70 degrees north.

The longer record shows a slower start than in past decades. The university's 2024 Alaska's Changing Environment 2.0 report found Alaska now becomes half snow covered only three days later in autumn, while spring melt-off comes 11 days earlier.

The buildup moves fast from here. Snow typically covers about 90 percent of Arctic lands by the end of October, the newsletter says. The National Ice Center posts daily snow and ice charts focused on Alaska.